Patofisiologi dan Tatalaksana Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus

Maghrizal Roychan(1*), Andre Triadi Desnantyo(2)


(1) Department of orthopaedic and traumatologic, Faculty of medicine Airlangga University / RSUD Dr.Soetomo
(2) Department of orthopaedic and traumatologic, Faculty of medicine Airlangga University / RSUD Dr.Soetomo
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Penyakit Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus (OLT) adalah kelainan pada tulang talus di lapisan subchondral yang berupa lesi osteochondral pada talar dome dengan konsekuensi abnormalitas pada tulang rawan sendi talar.  Review artikel bertujuan menjabarkan patofisiologi dan tatalaksana OLT.

Metode: Review artikel menggunakan literatur terkini  yang relevan dengan topik OLT.

Hasil: Pasien biasanya datang berobat ke tenaga kesehatan dengan keluhan yang tidak spesifik dan dengan gejala seperti nyeri pada pergelangan kaki, bengkak serta berkurangnya berkurangnya ruang gerak (range of movement). Penegakan diagnosis bisa dilakukan dengan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang sederhana seperti foto X-ray maupun pemeriksaan penunjang canggih seperti CT-Scan dan MRI. Tatalaksana pada OLT tergantung dari tahapan lesi, kronisitasnya, dan keluhan simtomatis yang menyertainya. Pasien dengan keluhan simtomatis yang akut dan non-displaced sering diberikan terapi konservatif dengan imobilisasi. Lesi yang tidak berhasil atau tidak menunjukkan perbaikan keluhan setelah 3 sampai 6 bulan, serta lesi dengan displacement dapat direncanakan untuk terapi operatif. Ada beberapa macam tehnik operatif yang dapat dilakukan untuk menyembuhkan OLT. Teknik operatif ini dapat dikategorikan menjadi cartilage repair, cartilage regeneration dan cartilage replacement techniques.

Kesimpulan: OLT adalah lesiosteocondral pada talar dome yang dapat diterapi dengan terapi konservatif dan operatif  cartilage repair, cartilage regeneration dan cartilage replacement techniques.

 


Keywords


osteochondral lesion of the talus, patofisiologi, tatalaksana

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/medart.1.2.2019.45-56

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Email: medica.arteriana@unimus.ac.id