Hubungan Asupan Protein dan Lama Menjalani Hemodialisis dengan Body Cell Mass pada Pasien Hemodialisis

Esti Widiasih(1*), Hertanto Wahyu Subagio(2), Lestariningsih Lestariningsih(3)


(1) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Pasien hemodialisis berisiko mengalami penurunan massa sel tubuh akibat asupan yang tidak memadai dan proses katabolik. Body Cell Mass menggambarkan jaringan metabolik aktif, tetapi hubungannya dengan asupan protein dan lama menjalani hemodialisis belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan asupan protein dan lama menjalani hemodialisis dengan Body Cell Mass pada pasien hemodialisis.

Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini menggunakan data awal 35 pasien yang dipilih secara purposive di sebuah Klinik Ginjal dan Hemodialisis di Kota Semarang, pada Juni-Agustus 2023. Asupan protein satu bulan terakhir dinilai menggunakan semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, lama hemodialisis diperoleh dari rekam medis, dan Body Cell Mass diukur menggunakan multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer 30 menit setelah hemodialisis. Hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson atau Spearman sesuai distribusi data.

Hasil: Sebanyak 65,7% responden adalah perempuan dan rerata usia 52,38±4,54 tahun. Rerata asupan protein adalah 39,26±6,51 gram per hari, median lama hemodialisis 2,0 (1,5-3,0) tahun, dan rerata Body Cell Mass 28,85±4,99 kilogram. Asupan protein berhubungan positif dengan Body Cell Mass dengan kekuatan sedang (koefisien korelasi=0,413; nilai p=0,014). Lama menjalani hemodialisis tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan Body Cell Mass (koefisien korelasi peringkat=-0,010; nilai p=0,954).

Kesimpulan: Asupan protein yang lebih tinggi berkaitan dengan Body Cell Mass yang lebih besar, sedangkan lama menjalani hemodialisis tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna. Pemantauan asupan protein dan komposisi tubuh diperlukan dalam pelayanan gizi pasien hemodialisis


Keywords


Asupan protein; Body Cell Mass; hemodialisis; komposisi tubuh; penyakit ginjal kronis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/medart.8.1.2026.44-50

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Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Jl. Kedungmundu Raya No. 18, Semarang, Indonesia
Email: medica.arteriana@unimus.ac.id