Analisis Faktor Risiko Mortalitas pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan Keganasan Non-Hematologi
(1) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(4) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(5) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(6) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(7) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(8) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia yang sangat serius. Gejala yang berat dapat berujung kematian terutama pada individu yang memiliki komorbid seperti penyakit jantung koroner, diabetes melitus, hipertensi dan pada kondisi imunosupresi seperti pada pasien dengan keganasan. Studi terdahulu menunjukkan peningkatan risiko mortalitas pada pasien keganasan yang terinfeksi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara jenis kelamin, jenis keganasan, hipertensi, diabetes melitus, derajat keparahan penyakit, nilai lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio (LCR), dan kadar kreatinin serum dengan tingkat mortalitas pada pasien COVID-19 dengan keganasan non-hematologi.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional retrospektif yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2023 hingga Juni 2023 dengan mengambil data pasien COVID-19 dengan keganasan non-hematologi di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang pada periode bulan Maret 2020 hingga Desember 2022. Semua data diambil melalui rekam medis elektronik (RME) RSUP Dr. Kariadi Sema-rang. Nilai cut-off untuk LCR dan kadar kreatinin serum masing-masing adalah 100 dan 1,3 mg/dL. Data kategorik dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square untuk mendapatkan nilai p dan Prevalence Ratio (PR). Uji regresi logistik digu-nakan untuk mengetahui hubungan independen antara derajat keparahan penya-kit dan kadar kreatinin serum terhadap tingkat mortalitas.
Hasil: Seratus satu pasien diikutkan dalam penelitian dengan 48 kasus mortalitas. Hubungan antara jenis kelamin, jenis keganasan, hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan nilai LCR dengan tingkat mortalitas didapatkan masing-masing nilai p = 0,924; p = 0,847; p = 0,101; p = 0,916; p = 0,143. Hubungan antara derajat keparahan penyakit dan kadar kreatinin serum dengan tingkat mortalitas didapatkan masing-masing nilai p < 0,001 (PR = 22,148) dan p = 0,009 (PR = 3,604). Hasil analisis mutivariat menunjukkan bahwa nilai PR dari hubungan antara derajat keparahan penyakit dan kadar kreatinin serum dengan tingkat mortalitas pasien masing-masing adalah 27,547 dan 7,090.
Kesimpulan: Jenis kelamin, jenis keganasan, hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan nilai LCR tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat mortalitas. Derajat keparahan penyakit dan peningkatan kadar kreatinin serum berhubungan dengan tingkat mortalitas.
Keywords
References
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Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Jl. Kedungmundu Raya No. 18, Semarang, Indonesia
Email: medica.arteriana@unimus.ac.id