Identifying psychosocial problems in children and adolescent with chronic illness to prevent psychosocial damage

Risna Ningsih; Ina Islamia; Atika Rahmawani

Identifying psychosocial problems in children and adolescent with chronic illness to prevent psychosocial damage

Risna Ningsih^(1*), Ina Islamia⁽²⁾, Atika Rahmawani⁽³⁾

(1) Magister Ilmu Keperawatan , Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta
(2) Magister Ilmu Keperawatan , Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia RS Universitas Indonesia
(3) Magister Ilmu Keperawatan , Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia RSPI Prof Dr Sulianti Saroso Jakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Along with the development of technology, the survival rate of children and adolescents with chronic diseases is increasing. However, this increase is also accompanied by psychosocial problems that arise due to diseases. Chronic diseases have an impact on psychological distress problems, neurodevelopmental disorders, and behavioral, emotional, and social relationship disorders. Studies have shown that children and adolescents with chronic diseases have a high risk of depression, have suicidal ideation, feel lonely, have a low quality of life, and show symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to healthy peers. Chronic diseases in children and adolescents will be a burden for the entire family and their immediate environment. How severe the level of childhood and adolescent illness depends on various factors such as The characteristics of the disease, the family situation, and also the family's view or way of thinking towards the disease suffered by their children will affect their lives now and in the future, their social life, and also their finances. As a pediatric nurse, early identification of psychosocial problems is important to prevent maladaptive health behaviors and provide appropriate nursing interventions; therefore, assessing the quality of life in children and adolescents is very important in determining health-related life expectancy. The relationship between health and quality of life (HRQoL) is critical for evaluating contemporary drug delivery and healthcare interventions. HRQoL is defined as a child's goals, expectations, standards, or concerns about their overall health and health-related domains consisting of physical, social, and psychosocial domains, including emotional and cognitive (Krol et al., 2024). Objective: To introduce psychosocial instruments that can be used to detect psychosocial problems early, including depression and suicide risk. Data collection methods and techniques: obtained by reviewing literature studies or searching from various databases such as EBSCO, ProQuest, Clinical Key Nursing, Sage Journal, and Scopus using keywords with PICO techniques (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) and filtering database searches for the last 5 (five) years between 2019 and 2024.

Keywords

Adolescent; children; chronic illness; instrument scale; quality of life

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