Analisis Faktor Yang Menghambat Penemuan Suspek Penderita Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas X

Gita Sekar Prihanti(1*), Nindya Puspita Sari(2), Devita Ari Pratiwi(3), Laily Putri Mabruukah(4), Dwi Hutami Sekarwangi(5), Wildan Firmansyah(6), Mutiara Vallentin Cynthiana(7), Rizdianis Devi Masyithoh(8)


(1) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(2) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(3) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(4) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(5) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(6) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(7) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(8) FK UMMalang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Analysis of Factors in Inhibiting Finding Suspected Tuberculosis Patients at Puskesmas X

Latar Belakang: Dalam upaya menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang diakibatkan penyakit menular seperti tuberculosis, Indonesia menggunakan strategi DOTS untuk skiring dan penemuan kasus TB. Pada tahun 2014 jumlah kasus baru BTA (+) sebanyak 176.677 kasus.  Nilai keberhasilan dari kasus TB ditentukan dari nilai penemuan kasus yaitu 70% dari jumlah penduduk. di puskesmas X didapatkan hanya sebesar 43% dari target.

Tujuan: menganalisis faktor yang menghambat penemuan suspek penderita tuberkulosis di wilayah kerja puskesmas X Kota Y.

Metode: Desain cross sectional dengan melibatkan 250 orang.

Hasil: Hasil uji multivariat dengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap penemuan kasus suspek TB, yaitu usia > 35 tahun (p=0.000)dengan nilai OR 8,620, gejala awal batuk (p=0.017)dengan nilai OR 3.119, fasilitas kesehatan yang dituju (p=0.000) dengan nilai OR 0.167, stigma rendah (p=0.001)dengan nilai OR 3.005, pengetahuan kurang (p=0.000)dengan nilai OR 8.763, dan status ekonomi rendah (p=0.042)dengan nilai OR 0.427. Berdasarkan nilai Nagelkerke R square yaitu 0,419 (41,9%), menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 41,9% penghambat penemuan kasus suspek TB dijelaskan oleh enam variabel yang berhubungan tersebut, sedangkan 58,1% merupakan faktor penghambat yang dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang belum diteliti dalam penelitian ini seperti pengaruh kader TB atau pelayanan kesehatan.

Simpulan: Faktor yang menghambat penemuan suspek TB yaitu usia > 35 tahun, gejala awal batuk, fasilitas kesehatan yang dituju, stigma rendah, pengetahuan kurang, dan status ekonomi rendah.

 

Background: Indonesia's efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality diseases conduct disease control programs, especially infectious diseases such as tuberculosis with DOTS strategy. In 2014 the number of new cases of smear (+) as many as 176, 677 cases. The success rate of TB cases determined from the discovery of a case that is 70% of the population. in Community Heatlh Center X obtained only 43% of the target. The aim to analysis of the factors that hinder the discovery of suspected tuberculosis in working area Comm unity Health Center of X Kediri City.
Methods: cross sectional design studyinvolve of 250 people.
Results: The test results of multivariate logistic regression showed that there are six variables that have a significant influence on the discovery of suspected tuberculosis cases, the age> 35 years (p = 0.000) with OR 8.620, the early symptoms of cough (p = 0.017) with OR 3.119, facilities health destination (p =0.000) with OR 0.167, lower stigma (p = 0.001) with OR 3,.05, less knowledge (p = 0.000) with OR 8.763, and the lower economic status (p = 0.042) with OR 0.427. Based Nagelkerke R square value is 0.419 (41.9%), it shows that 41.9% of TB suspect cases inhibitors of the invention described by the six variables related, while 58.1% are factors that can be explained by other variables has not been studied in this research such as TB or influence cadre of health services.
Conclusion: Factor inhibiting invention tuberculosis patient suspect are age>35 years, the early symptoms of cough, health care facilities targeted, low stigma, lack of knowledge, and low economic status

Keywords


penghambat; penemuan; kasus suspek TB; TB Paru

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.2.4.2018.40-48

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