EFFECT OF THIOSULFATE CONCENTRATION AND LEACHING TEMPERATURE IN AMMONIACAL THIOSULFATE LEACHING OF REFRACTORY SULFIDE GOLD ORE

Rini Riastuti(1*)


(1) Universitas Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Thiosulfate as gold leach solution first studied in 1979 to found alternative of cyanide and mercury solution which are widely used in gold extraction industry although it’s negative impact for the environment. The ore sample is native ore from Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi. According to Optical Microscope observation and LIBS characterization, there are pyrite compound which is one of the chacaracteristic of sulfide ore. According to X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma, the ore contained about 14.62% Fe, 6.69% S, 0.15% Cu, and 0.27 ppm Au. This study aimed to determine the effect of thiosulfate concentration and leaching temperature in ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching of refractory gold sulfide ores on the solubility of gold. This research was conducted by laboratory scale of leaching method. The leaching result is then checked by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). The concentration of thiosulfate (0.05M, 0.1M, and 0.2M) and the effect of temperature (250 C, 400 C, 600 C) were studied. Maximum gold extraction (62%) was obtained using 0.1M of thiosulfate concentrations at 400 C for 2 h with 20% of pulp density. Stirring speed and the pH of the aqueous solution were 400 rpm and 10, respectively. According to the results, it can be concluded that the concentration of Thiosulfate solution and leaching temperature will affect the dissolution of gold.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Altinkaya, P., Wang, Z., Korolev, I., Hamuyuni, J., Haapalainen, M., Kolehmainen, E., Yliniemi, K., & Lundström, M. (2020). Leaching and recovery of gold from ore in cyanide-free glycine media. Minerals Engineering.

Asamoah, R. K., Amankwah, R. K., & Addai-Mensah, J. (2014). Cyanidation of Refractory Gold Ores: A Review. 3rd UMaT Biennial International Mining and Mineral Conference, July, 204–212. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4772.6407.

Breuer, P. L., & Jeffrey, M. I. (2000). Thiosulfate leaching kinetics of gold in the presence of copper and ammonia. Minerals Engineering, 13(10), 1071–1081. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-6875(00)00091-1

Chen, J., Xie, F., Wang, W., Fu, Y., & Wang, J. (2022). Leaching of Gold and Silver from a Complex Sulfide Concentrate in Copper-Tartrate-Thiosulfate Solutions. In Metals (Vol. 12, Issue 7). https://doi.org/10.3390/met12071152.

Feng, D., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2006). Ammoniacal thiosulphate leaching of gold in the presence of pyrite. Hydrometallurgy, 82(3), 126–132.

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2006.03.006

Feng, D., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2011). Thiosulphate leaching of gold in the presence of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Minerals Engineering, 24(2), 115–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2010.10.007

Gradov, D. V. (2013). Comparison of Cyanide and Thiosulphate Leaching for Gold Production ( A Literature Review ).

Hilson, G., & Monhemius, A. J. (2006). Alternatives to cyanide in the gold mining industry: what prospects for the future? Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(12), 1158–1167. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.09.005

Jeffrey, M. I. (2001). Kinetic aspects of gold and silver leaching in ammonia–thiosulfate solutions. Hydrometallurgy, 60(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-386X(00)00151-1

Jeffrey, M. I., Breuer, P. L., & Chu, C. K. (2003). The importance of controlling oxygen addition during the thiosulfate leaching of gold ores. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 72(1), 323–330. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-7516(03)00108-X

Jiang, T. (1998). Chemistry of Extractive Metallurgy of Gold. Hunan Science and Technology Press.

Kavalieris, I., van Leeuwen, Th. M., & Wilson, M. (1992). Geological setting and styles of mineralization, north arm of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 7(2), 113–129. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0743-9547(92)90046-E

Lampinen, M., Laari, A., & Turunen, I. (2015). Ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching of pressure oxidized sulfide gold concentrate with low reagent consumption. Hydrometallurgy, 151, 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.10.014

Marsden, J., & House, I. (2006). The Chemistry of Gold Extraction. Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=wMFTAAAAMAAJ

Mohammadi, E., Pourabdoli, M., Ghobeiti-Hasab, M., & Heidarpour, A. (2017). Ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching of refractory oxide gold ore. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 164, 6–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2017.05.003

Muir, D. M. (2011). A review of the selective leaching of gold from oxidised copper–gold ores with ammonia–cyanide and new insights for plant control and operation. Minerals Engineering, 24(6), 576–582. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2010.08.022

Navarro, P., Vargas, C., Villarroel, A., & Alguacil, F. J. (2002). On the use of ammoniacal/ammonium thiosulphate for gold extraction from a concentrate. Hydrometallurgy, 65(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-386X(02)00062-2

Oraby, E. A. (2009). Gold Leaching in Thiosulfate Solutions and Its Environmental Effects Compared With Cyanide. Doktora Tezi, Curtin University of Technology, Scool of Engineering and Computing, Department of Civil Engineering, November, 239. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/148

Rice, K. M., Walker, E. M., Wu, M., Gillette, C., & Blough, E. R. (2014). Environmental Mercury and Its Toxic Effects. J Prev Med Public Health, 47(2), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.2.74

Santoso, P. D., R., A. J., Prasetyo, A. B., Maksum, A., Ulum, R. M., & Soedarsono, J. W. (2020). The effect of temperature and leaching time of sulfuric acid on increasing nickel and iron content from ferronickel slag waste after alkaline fusion using sodium carbonate. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2255(1), 40030. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0014055

Senanayake, G., Childs, J., Akerstrom, B. D., & Pugaev, D. (2011). Reductive acid leaching of laterite and metal oxides — A review with new data for Fe(Ni,Co)OOH and a limonitic ore. Hydrometallurgy, 110(1), 13–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.07.011

U.S. Department Of Health and Human Services. (2002). Toxicological Profile for Cyanide. ATSDR’s Toxicological Profiles, July. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420061888_ch68

Xu, B., Yang, Y., Li, Q., Jiang, T., & Li, G. (2016). Stage leaching of a complex polymetallic sulfide concentrate: Focus on the extraction of Ag and Au. Hydrometallurgy, 159, 87–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.10.008

Xu, B., Yang, Y., Li, Q., Yin, W., Jiang, T., & Li, G. (2016). Thiosulfate leaching of Au, Ag and Pd from a high Sn, Pb and Sb bearing decopperized anode slime. Hydrometallurgy, 164, 278–287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.011


Article Metrics

Abstract view : 117 times
PDF - 34 times

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/traksi.23.2.2023.152-161

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 TRAKSI

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


TRAKSI : Majalah Ilmiah Teknik Mesin

ISSN : 1693-3451 (Pinted) e-ISSN : 2579-9738 (Online)

Published by: LP2M Unimus bekerjasama dengan APTI (Asosiasi Profesi Teknik Indonesia)  

 
ADDRESS

Jl. Kasipah No. 12 Semarang

E-mail: traksi@unimus.ac.id Call: 0248445768


Sponsors

Asosiasi Profesi Teknik Indonesia (APTI)

Website: www.apti.or.id