Potential Secondary Metabolites in Guava (Psidium guajava) Assisted by Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and Area Under Curve (AUC)
(1) Bachelor of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Dr. Soebandi, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
(2) Doctoral of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Doctoral of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Bachelor of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Dr. Soebandi, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: Diarrhea is a common health problem worldwide, with causes ranging from microbial infections to gastrointestinal disorders. Conventional diarrhea treatments usually involve synthetic drugs, but medicinal plant-based therapies, such as those containing secondary metabolite compounds in guava leaves, show promising potential. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify potential metabolite compounds.
Objective: In this systematic review, we aim to identify potential secondary metabolite compounds in medicinal plants with antidiarrheal effects and explore the biological mechanisms of action involved.
Methods: Using a literature review, relevant articles were analyzed from reputable scientific databases.
Results: The results of the review indicate that compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and saponins in guava leaves possess antidiarrheal potential, contributing to the regulation of intestinal motility, inhibition of inflammation, and alteration of the gut microbiota composition.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites can be a promising alternative for safer and more efficient antidiarrheal therapy.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ningsih IY. Studi Etnofarmasi Penggunaan Tumbuhan Obat oleh Suku Tengger di Kabupaten Lumajang dan Malang, Jawa Timur. Pharmacy. 2016;13(01):10–20.
Sutrisna. Herbal medicine : suatu tinjauan farmakologis. Muhammadiyah University Press, Y Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press; 2016. 1–103 p.
Yuliani S, Udarno L, Hayani E. Kadar Tanin dan Quersetin Tiga Tipe Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava). Bul Penelit Tanam Rempah dan Obat. 2003;14(1):17–24.
Hostettmann K, Hostettmann M, Marston A. Preparative Chromatography Techniques. 1st ed. New York: Springer Science & Business Media; 1986.
Harborne JB. Metode Fitokimia: Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan. Bandung: Penerbit ITB; 1987.
Thi NDD, Nguyen MT, Bui Thi BH, Mai QQ, Nguyen PV, Nguyen QV. Optimizing Polyphenolic Extraction from Wild Guava Leaves: A Response Surface Methodology Approach to Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. Nat Prod Commun. 2024;19(12).
Bilal K, Mehboob F, Akhtar N, Mirza IA, Okla MK, Dar MJ, et al. Wound healing, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of polyphenols in Psidium guajava L. leaves. South African J Bot. 2024;165(1):538–51.
Markham KR. Cara Mengidentifikasi Flavonoid. Bandung: Penerbit ITB; 1998.
Febrianti N, Sari F. Kadar Flavonoid Total Berbagai Jenis Buah Tropis Indonesia. Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta; 2016.
Vidak M, Rozman D, Komel R. Effects of flavonoids from food and dietary supplements on glial and glioblastoma multiforme cells. Molecules. 2015;20(10):19406–32.
Gupta A, Sheth NR, Pandey S, Yadav JS, Joshi S V. Screening of flavonoid-rich fractions of three Indian medicinal plants used for the management of liver diseases. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2015;25(5):485–90.
Salmia. Analisis Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Kulit Batang Kedondong Bangkok (Spondias dulcis) dengan Metode Spektofotometri UV-VIS. UIN Alauddin Makassar; 2016.
Souza ISM de, Artmann AF de Q, Lopes CUC, Kellner JV, Hahn CFP, Massarolo KC, et al. Quantification of 3,5,7,3’-4’-pentahydroxflavona in the aerial Guajava. Brazilian J Dev. 2022;8(11):74187–95.
Putri MAH. Uji Aktivitas Antibakter (+) - Katekin dan Gambir (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) terhadap Beberapa Jenis Bakteri Gram Negatif dan Mekanismenya. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta; 2010.
Alamsyah AN. Taklukan Penyakit dengan Teh Hijau. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka; 2006.
Ding S, Jiang H, Fang J. Regulation of immune function by polyphenols. J Immunol Res. 2018;2018.
Aly SH, Eldahshan OA, Al-rashood ST, Binjubair FA, Hassab MA El, Eldehna WM, et al. Activities Supported by In Silico Study of n-Hexane Extract and Essential Oil of Guava Leaves. Molecules. 2022;27(1):1–18.
Mogose B, Bisrat D, Asres K. In Vivo Antidiarrheal Potential of the Leaf Extract of Maytenus addat and Its Major Compound. J Trop Med. 2024;2024:5922487. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5922487.
Ogunro OB, Salawu AO, Alotaibi SS, et al. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic models of diarrhoeal rats. J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2023;21(1):56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00489-7.
Song Y, Sheng H, Qin S, et al. Tannic acid extracted from gallnut prevents post-weaning diarrhea and improves intestinal health of piglets. Anim Nutr. 2021;7(4):1078-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.04.005.
Parkar N, Spencer NJ, Wiklendt L, et al. Novel insights into mechanisms of inhibition of colonic motility by loperamide. Front Neurosci. 2024;18:1424936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1424936
Xiao, Hui-Hui. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Natural Products in Maintaining Human Health. Nutrients. 2024. 16. 1268. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091268.
World Health Organization. Diarrhoeal disease. Fact sheet. Geneva: WHO; 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease
Kaur S, Panesar PS, Bera MB, Kumar H. Therapeutic potential of Psidium guajava L.: An updated review of phytochemistry and pharmacology. Plants (Basel). 2025;14(4):885. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i1.39161
Hodiamont CJ, van den Broek AK, de Vroom SL, Prins JM, Mathôt RAA, van Hest RM. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Various Patient Populations and Consequences for Optimal Dosing for Gram-Negative Infections: An Updated Review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2022 Aug;61(8):1075-1094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-022-01143-0.
Duan R, Tong J, Sutton AJ, Asch DA, Chu H, Schmid CH, Chen Y. Origami plot: a novel multivariate data visualization tool that improves radar chart. J Clin Epidemiol. 2023 Apr;156:85-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.02.020.
El-Deeb EM, Elsayed HE, Khazaal MT, El-Sayed EK, Ahmed AA, Mansour YE, Taha HS, Elgindi MR, Moharram FA. Comprehensive assessment of the antidiarrheal properties of polyphenols from Psidium cattleianum Sabine's aerial parts. J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 25;346:119670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2025.119670.
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 48 timesPDF - 8 times
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.12.2.2025.196-207
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indexed by
MAGNA MEDIKA by APKKM is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.